“猫眼效应”影响因素的分析与验证

以自制透镜组、水准仪和加农炮瞄准镜为例,对影响"猫眼反射效应"回波的主要因素进行实验验证,实验结果表明:在近距离实验室条件下,"猫眼"效应受光学系统中反射面离焦、扫描光束的入射角影响很大。     

切削参数对新型光学铝级金刚石车削刀具磨损的影响

光学器件和光学测量系统的关键部件主要通过超精密加工制造。铝合金具有很多优势,通常用于光子产业。光学领域对铝合金使用和需求的不断增加,促进了在铸造过程中采用快速凝固技术对铝合金等级重新改良的发展。优异的微观结构和改进的机械和物理性能是新型铝合金等级的特点。目前主要问题在于采用金刚石车削时,由于在切削性方面缺乏对铝合金性能的充分研究,导致机械加工数据库非常有限。本文通过改变金刚石的切削参数,测量切齿安装距超过4km时金刚石刀具的磨损,研究了快速凝固铝合金RSA 905的切削性能。改变的机械加工参数为切削速度、进给速度和切削深度。结果表明切削速度对金刚石刀具的磨损影响最大。主轴转速为500rpm、进给速度为25mm/min、切削深度为15μm时,刀具磨损达到最大值12.2μm;主轴转速为1750rpm、进给速度为5mm/min、切削深度为5μm时,刀具磨损达到最小值2.45μm。通常,较高的切削速度、较低的进给速度和较短的切削深度的组合可以减少金刚石刀具磨损。建立了模型统计以分析金刚石刀具磨损。通过该模型可以生成磨损图,从而确定切削参数产生最小磨损的区域。结果证明,快速凝固铝是更好的选择,为机械工程师使用这种材料提供了参考。     

稳健改进的AO型异常点检测法在金融时序中的应用

针对金融时间序列数据易受外界突发事件干扰而产生连续性异常点的特点,本文首先分析了Chang,Tiao和Chen(1988)~([11])提出的金融时间序列AO型异常点检测法的不稳健性,并对其进行稳健改进得到稳健检测统计量,而且在理论上证明了改进检测统计量的优良性;随后模拟了五种污染率下的时序数据,分别用三种检测法对其中的异常点进行检测,发现稳健检测法准确率最高;最后用R语言对上海黄金交易所2008年1月2日至2013年3月29日含金量为99.99%的黄金交易收益率的异常现象进行稳健检测,结果显示本文提出的稳健检测法比传统的检测法对异常点检测能力显著提高,并且能更好的捕捉到我国金融市场的异常特点。该方法不仅对于金融风险的研究具有理论上的意义而且对金融时间序列的稳健建模具有一定的参考价值。     

水洞流场PIV显示与分析系统离轴测试校正

粒子图像测速技术(PIV)通过测量被测流场截面上每一位置点的速度,获得整个被测流场的信息.在PIV一般应用中所使用的照明激光片光与成像CCD装置的拍摄方向是垂直的,在某些应用场合受测试条件的限制,需要采用离轴方式进行测量,此时CCD成像方向与照明的激光片光不垂直,而是有一定夹角.离轴测试方式将对PIV系统的光学成像系统、示踪粒子选择和粒子图像处理带来影响.实验采用Scheimpflug离轴聚焦的方法对表面镀银高反射率的示踪粒子进行成像,通过调整成像透镜与CCD像面的夹角可获得清晰的粒子成像,并利用网格校正板和软件计算处理等方法有效校正了由于离轴测试带来的影响.     

A rapid,new and direct method for isolation and measurement of porphyrins in biological samples by high performance liquid chromatography

Reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography on microparticulate columns of octadecylsilane with elution by a gradient of acetonitrile in phosphate buffer, pH 7.5, separated porphyrin free acids directly in urine for the first time. Interfering fluorescence was removed with a precolumn of large particle size at acid pH. Peak area fluorescence by the method of standard addition was related linearly to amount of a porphyrin from 5 to 60 nanograms. The method was reproducible to ± 13%, able to detect 0.3 nanograms of a porphyrin in a 1 ml urine sample in 45 minutes, and capable of detecting the typical clinical patterns of normal and porphyrinuric urines. Modifications make the method applicable to measurements in other biological samples and to research separations. With the added rapidity of analysis, the method could expand porphyrin analysis in routine clinical medicine.     

Trajectory and Global Attractors of Three-Dimensional Navier--Stokes Systems

We construct the trajectory attractor of a three-dimensional Navier--Stokes system with exciting force . The set consists of a class of solutions to this system which are bounded in , defined on the positive semi-infinite interval of the time axis, and can be extended to the entire time axis so that they still remain bounded-in- solutions of the Navier--Stokes system. In this case any family of bounded-in- solutions of this system comes arbitrary close to the trajectory attractor . We prove that the solutions are continuous in t if they are treated in the space of functions ranging in . The restriction of the trajectory attractor to , , is called the global attractor of the Navier--Stokes system. We prove that the global attractor thus defined possesses properties typical of well-known global attractors of evolution equations. We also prove that as the trajectory attractors and the global attractors of the -order Galerkin approximations of the Navier--Stokes system converge to the trajectory and global attractors and , respectively. Similar problems are studied for the cases of an exciting force of the form depending on time and of an external force rapidly oscillating with respect to the spatial variables or with respect to time .     

弱光波前传感器质心计算的新方法

 研究了Shack Hartmann波前传感器质心计算的新方法,即最小二乘高斯拟合方法。分析了Shack-Hartmann波前传感器采用一阶矩质心计算位置方法对光斑强度的敏感性,与最小二乘高斯拟合方法进行了比较,并对Shack Hartmann波前传感器的子孔径波前斜率探测的正确性进行了分析。最后的计算结果表明最小二乘高斯拟合法计算子孔径光斑的质心位置可以减小质心探测的误差。     

广义缓坡方程

运用表面波Hamilton方法和缓坡逼近假定,分析缓变三维流场和非平整海底对波浪传播的影响,推导出广义缓坡方程。海底地形由两个分量组成:慢变分量,其水平长度尺度大于表面波的波长;快变分量,其振幅与表面波的波长相比为一小量,但是其频率与表面波频率相当。该广义缓坡方程具有广泛的适用范围,以下著名的缓坡方程成为它的特例:经典的Berkhoff缓坡方程;包含环境流效应的Kirby缓坡方程;描述波状海底特征的Dingemans缓坡方程。另外,同时也得到了描述环境流场和快变海底效应的广义浅水方程。     

New Rapidly Convergent Series Concerning ζ(2k+1)

Values of new series sum(((2n-1)!ζ(2n))/(2n + 2k)!)α2n from n=1 to ∞,sum(((2n-1)!ζ(2n))/(2n+2k +1)!)β2n from n=1 to ∞ are given concerning ζ(2k + 1),where k is a positive integer,α can be taken as 1,1/2,1/3,2/3,1/4,3/4,1/6,5/6 and β can be taken as 1,1/2.Some previous results are included as special cases in the present paper and new series converges more rapidly than those exsiting results for α = 1/3,or α = 1/4,or α = 1/6.     

Sn修饰的猝冷骨架NiMo催化剂上的乙二醇液相重整制氢

以猝冷法制备了三元Ni47.8Mo2.2Al50合金,经碱处理活化抽Al及SnCl2修饰,得到了Sn修饰的猝冷骨架Ni-Mo催化剂(RQ SnxNiMo).结果表明,Sn的修饰对催化剂的组成、织构、结构及表面活性位均有显著的影响.将该催化剂应用于乙二醇液相重整反应中,发现Sn的加入使H2选择性大幅度提高.在RQ Sn10NiMo催化剂上,在乙二醇高转化率下,H2选择性达到98.7%,且有效抑制了烷烃的生成.结合催化剂的表征及反应动力学结果,讨论了Sn对猝冷骨架NiMo催化剂的修饰作用.